Wk#08 (10/15-10/19)

三年中文: 古代與現代漢語文選
第八週時間表
題目: Topic 2 中國人的哲學思想和世界觀 

Wednesday (10/17)____________________________________________________ 
Assign
Presentation #2 學生報告二: 分組 自選題目 in-class group 口頭報告
题目: 选择下面一位中国古代有名
的思想家或者经典著作来介绍给同学们:(30 min.) 老子,莊子,荀子,孙子 或者 大学,中庸,三字经,道德经,孙子兵法 (《Wengu 温故》: Classical Chinese works at http://wengu.tartarie.com/wg/wengu.php?l=intro)
1. 介绍思想家或者书籍的背景;
2. 选出一句或一段有名的学说,列出中文和英文翻译;
3. 在中国文化上的成就和重要性。

Group 1: 云清, 义明: 老子
Group 2: 秀蘋, 春晖: 孙子兵法
Group 3: 泰丽, 邓山: 三字经

Sayings of Mencius (2.2) – A selection of fifteen of the most most familiar sayings of the philosopher Mengzi (372-289 BCE), an itinerant philosopher from the State of Zhou who became the most famous interpreter of Confucius. (View Text | Download Text)
Chinese Text Project at http://ctext.org/mengzi
Mencius.com 
at http://buddhas.net/mencius/index.html.

孟子(公元前372-前289),名轲,字子舆。战国时期邹人,鲁国庆父后裔。中国古代著名思想家、教育家,文学家,战国时期儒家代表人物。著有《孟子》一书。孟子继承并发扬了孔子的思想,主张“仁政”,成为仅次于孔子的一代儒家宗师,有“亚圣”之称,与孔子合称为“孔孟之道”。《孟子》是中国儒家典籍中的一部,记录了战国时期思想家孟子的治国思想和政治策略,是孟子和他的门人记录并整理而成的。《孟子》在儒家典籍中占有很重要的地位,为“四书”(四书:《大学》《中庸》《论语》《孟子》)之一。

閱讀功課 Reading Assignment: (Each student is assigned to study and translate one or two of the following. )
《孟子》
1. (卷之一 梁惠王上 第七章)  孟子曰:「老吾老,以及人之老;幼吾幼,以及人之幼;天下可運於掌。」
2. (卷之二 公孫丑上 第一章) 孟子曰:「天時不如地利,地利不如人和。」
3. (卷之三 滕文公下 第二章)「富貴不能淫,貧賤不能移,威武不能屈,此之謂大丈夫。」
4. (卷之四 離婁下 第十二章)  孟子曰:「大人者,不失其赤子之心者也。」
5. (卷之六 告子上 第六章) 孟子曰:「惻隱之心,人皆有之;羞惡之心,人皆有之;恭敬之心,人皆有之;是非之心,人皆有之。惻隱之心,仁也;羞惡之心,義也;恭敬之心,禮也;是非之心,智也。仁義禮智,非由外鑠我也,我固有之也,弗思耳矣。」
6. (卷之六 告子上  第十章) 孟子曰:「魚,我所欲也;熊掌,亦我所欲也,二者不可得兼,舍魚而取熊掌者也。生,亦我所欲也;義,亦我所欲也,二者不可得兼,舍生而取義者也。
7. (卷之六 告子下 第十五章) 孟子曰:「故天將降大任於是人也,必先苦其心志,勞其筋骨,餓其體膚,空乏其身,行拂亂其所為,所以動心忍性,曾益其所不能。…….然後知生於憂患,而死於安樂也。」

HOMEWORK: to be completed by Friday (10/19)
1.
Read about Mencius:
First published Sat Oct 16, 2004; substantive revision Tue Dec 7, 2010 (http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/mencius/)

2. Post an English translation (your own or found online but reviewed by you) of your assigned Mencius quotes under Comments. Copy the original Chinese quote and include in your English translation.

Friday (10/19)_______________________________________________________
1. Review Mencius: First published Sat Oct 16, 2004; substantive revision Tue Dec 7, 2010 (http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/mencius/)
2. Go over 閱讀功課 Reading Assignment: (Each student is assigned to study and translate one or two of the following. ) 《孟子》 

其他閱讀資料:
《Wengu 温故》: Classical Chinese works at http://wengu.tartarie.com/wg/wengu.php?l=intro
《儒家思想簡介》 http://www.quanxue.cn/ct_rujia/index.html – 《论语》《孟子》
《孫子兵法》不單是一部軍事著作,其中也蘊涵了豐富的哲學思想。http://sunzi.hk/sunzi_philosophy.html
《中国人的世界观:中庸实践思维初探 》 http://www.psychspace.com/psych/viewnews-2225
《中国的科学思想》http://ccat.sas.upenn.edu/chinese/zuowen-1-chiang.htm
《Classics 古文》: Classical Chinese works including poetry and Buddhist sutras at http://chinesenotes.com/classics.php.

More from Clavis Sinica: Analects of Confucius(2.4) – This record of the sage’s pronouncements in discussions with his disciples has provided the cornerstone for many of China’s social and ethical values and traditions. Included here are the first two sections, which offer guidance on the virtues of friendship, obedience, loyalty, integrity, and learning. (View Text | Download Text)

Dao De Jing (2.5) – One of the best-known texts of ancient China, the Tao Te Ching (as it is frequently transliterated) is attributed to Lao-tzu, a sixth-century philosopher who lived at roughly the same time as Confucius. In poetic and concise passages, Lao-tzu preached of a dynamic and dialectical principle of binary opposition. He argues that the Great Way of nature and naturalness underlies the worldly matters, which is to be followed, not opposed, in the life. Even the effort to describe the Way renders an obstruction to the true meaning of this dynamic and abstract concept. Lao-tzu’s teaching forms the central canon of Taoist philosophy. (View Text | Download Text)

Xun Zi (Hsun Tzu), The Useless Tree: Ancient Chinese Thought in Modern American Life, http://uselesstree.typepad.com/useless_tree/2007/02/xun_zi_hsun_tzu.html.
Naturalist Schools of Thought in the Late Classical Period, Xunzi, Legalism, click Xunzi to access the PDF essay on him, http://www.indiana.edu/~g380/13a.html.

3 thoughts on “Wk#08 (10/15-10/19)

  1. To not be corrupted by wealth and honors, not shaken by poverty, not bent by might, these are the features that define a man of character.

    YiMing
    YunQing

  2. Chunhui, Xiuping

    2. (卷之二 公孫丑上 第一章) 孟子曰:「天時不如地利,地利不如人和。」

    Our translation:
    “Mencius said: ‘The right time is not equal to the right location, and the right location is not equal to harmony between men.'”

    Translation we found online:
    “Mencius said, ‘Opportunities of time vouchsafed by Heaven are not equal to advantages of situation afforded by the Earth, and advantages of situation afforded by the Earth are not equal to the union arising from the accord of Men.”

  3. 1. (卷之一 梁惠王上 第七章) 孟子曰:「老吾老,以及人之老;幼吾幼,以及人之幼;天下可運於掌。」

    Mencius said: Respect the old as you would your own elders, nurture the young as you would your own, then the world will be in the palm of your hand.

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